1. What is Pediatric Maintenance IV Fluids?

The Holliday-Segar method calculates maintenance intravenous fluid requirements for pediatric patients based on body weight. This formula provides the appropriate daily fluid volume needed to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance in children.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

Where:

• \( 100\ mL/kg \) — For the first 10 kg of body weight
• \( 50\ mL/kg \) — For the next 10 kg of body weight (11-20 kg)
• \( 20\ mL/kg \) — For each additional kg above 20 kg

Explanation: The formula accounts for decreasing metabolic requirements per kilogram as body weight increases, reflecting the non-linear relationship between body size and fluid needs.

3. Importance of Maintenance Fluid Calculation

Details: Accurate maintenance fluid calculation is essential for preventing dehydration in hospitalized children, maintaining electrolyte balance, and avoiding fluid overload. Proper hydration supports vital organ function and promotes recovery.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the child's weight in kilograms. The calculator will provide both daily and hourly maintenance fluid requirements. Always consider clinical context and adjust based on individual patient needs.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When should maintenance IV fluids be used?
A: Maintenance fluids are used when oral intake is insufficient or contraindicated, such as in NPO status, surgery, gastrointestinal issues, or critical illness.

Q2: What type of fluid is typically used for maintenance?
A: Isotonic solutions like 0.9% NaCl with dextrose (D5 1/2 NS or D5 1/4 NS) are commonly used, but choice depends on electrolyte status and clinical condition.

Q3: Are there adjustments for special conditions?
A: Yes, adjustments may be needed for fever, increased insensible losses, renal impairment, cardiac conditions, or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).

Q4: How does this differ from replacement fluids?
A: Maintenance fluids meet ongoing daily requirements, while replacement fluids address specific deficits from vomiting, diarrhea, or other losses.

Q5: Is this formula used for neonates?
A: No, different calculations are used for neonates due to their unique physiology and higher fluid requirements per kilogram.