1. What is the Holliday-Segar Formula?

The Holliday-Segar formula is a widely used method for calculating maintenance intravenous fluid requirements in pediatric patients. It provides a standardized approach based on body weight to ensure adequate hydration while avoiding fluid overload.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Holliday-Segar formula:

Where:

• \( 4\ mL/kg/hr \) — For the first 10 kg of body weight
• \( 2\ mL/kg/hr \) — For each kg between 11-20 kg
• \( 1\ mL/kg/hr \) — For each kg above 20 kg

Explanation: The formula accounts for the decreasing metabolic rate and fluid requirements per kilogram as body weight increases, providing a more accurate calculation than simple weight-based formulas.

3. Importance of Maintenance IV Fluids

Details: Proper maintenance fluid calculation is essential for preventing dehydration, maintaining electrolyte balance, and supporting organ function in patients who cannot take fluids orally. Accurate calculation helps avoid complications of both underhydration and fluid overload.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the patient's weight in kilograms. The calculator will automatically compute the appropriate maintenance fluid rate based on the Holliday-Segar formula. Ensure accurate weight measurement for precise calculation.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: When should maintenance IV fluids be used?
A: Maintenance fluids are indicated when patients cannot maintain adequate oral hydration, such as during surgery, critical illness, or gastrointestinal disorders preventing oral intake.

Q2: What type of fluid is typically used for maintenance?
A: Isotonic solutions like 0.9% saline or balanced crystalloids are commonly used, with adjustments based on electrolyte status and clinical condition.

Q3: Are there adjustments needed for specific conditions?
A: Yes, adjustments may be needed for patients with renal impairment, heart failure, liver disease, or electrolyte abnormalities. Always consider the patient's overall clinical status.

Q4: How often should fluid rates be reassessed?
A: Fluid requirements should be reassessed at least every 24 hours and more frequently in critically ill patients or those with rapidly changing clinical status.

Q5: Can this formula be used for adults?
A: While primarily designed for pediatric patients, the principles can be adapted for adults, though many institutions use different formulas or clinical judgment for adult maintenance fluids.